2021考博英语词汇语法题：状语从句

考博英语词汇与语法题一般测试要求一般包括以下几个：考生掌握词汇、短语及基本语法概念的熟练程度；要求考生掌握并能正确运用从事学术研究与交流所需要的语法知识；认知15000词，并且能正确、熟练地运用其中的8000个单词及其最基本的搭配。为帮助大家更好的复习这类题型，希赛网考博英语频道为大家整理了“考博英语词汇语法题常考知识点专项练习：状语从句”，一起来练习下吧。

1.在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。

e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.

2.有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致(或虽不一致，是it)，从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。

e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.

If (you are) asked you may come in.

If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again.

3.注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。

e.g. You are to find it where you left it.(地点状语从句)

Tell me the address where he lives.(定语从句，句中有先行词)

I don’t know where he came from.(宾语从句)

Where he has gone is not known yet.(主语从句)

This place is where they once hid.(表语从句)

1) 时间状语从句

时间状语从句主要由以下连词引导：when, whenever, as, while, since, until, till, before, after, as soon as, once, hardly (scarcely) …when, no sooner …than。

I will discuss the matter with you when we meet tomorrow.

时间状语从句还可由某些可充当连词的名词(the moment, the instant, every time,等)和副词(instantly, directly等)引导：

I will tell you the news the instant I know.

Note:

①before除了可表示“在…之前”外，还可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量相比较大，可译为“…才”。(“not …before”可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的力量相比较小，可译为“…就”)。

It was a long time before I got to sleep again.

②如果位于when引导的分句之前的主句使用过去进行时、过去完成时或“was/were about to, was/were on the point of”等结构时，when表示突然发生某事，可译为“正在…突然”或“刚…就”等。这时，不能够用as或while来代替when。

I was walking on the street when I ran into my old friend John.

2) 条件状语从句

条件状语从句主要由以下连词引导：if, unless, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that), on condition (that), as/so long as, in case等。

So long as you work hard, you will surely achieve good results in examinations.

3) 让步状语从句

让步状语从句主要由以下连词引导：though, although, even if, even though, whatever, however, whoever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ where/ when等。以下介绍几种较特殊的让步状语从句。

(1)while引导的让步状语从句多放在句首，while相当于although，表示“尽管”，“虽然”。

While I admit I did it, I didn’t intend to.

(2)短语“even now/then/so”相当于“though it is/was true”，表示“尽管如此”，“尽管这样”。

The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.

(3) as引导的让步状语从句要倒装。

Child as he was, he could speak four languages.

4) 比较状语从句

比较状语从句主要由以下连词引导：(not) as …as, (not) the same as, (not) such …as, not so …as, than, the + 比较级…, the +比较级…等。

We have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.

专项练习

1. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.

A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although

2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.

A. if B. unless C. for D. since

3. We will work ____ we are needed.

A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever

4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.

A. so that B. if C. when D. although

5._____ you go, don't forget your people.

A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever

6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.

A. since B. for C. when D. as

7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.

A. because B. however C. when D. since

8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.

A. When B. Because C. Though D. As

9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.

A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of

10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.

A. as B. when C. since D. for

11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.

A. though B. although C. as if D. when

12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.

A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When

13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.

A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though

14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.

A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as

15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.

A. since B. until C. because D. though

16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.

A. even if B. as though C. because D. until

17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.

A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they

18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.

A. since B. so that C. for D. because

19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.

A. unless B. as C. if D. until

20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.

A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where

21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.

A. and B. but C. as D. unless

22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.

A. until B. unless C. when D. before

23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.

A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even

24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.

A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless

25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.

A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where

26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?

A. when B. that C. though D. however

27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.

A. although B. even though C. so that D. since

28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.

A. that B. though C. unless D. if

29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.

A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though

30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.

A. than B. when C. while D. as

31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.

A. Much B. However C. As D. Although

32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.

A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever

33. The child was __ immediately after supper.

A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed

C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed

34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.

A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as

35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.

A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although

36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.

A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of

37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.

A. than B. as C. while D. when38. _____ David goes, he is welcome.

A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever

39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.

A. which B. at which C. when D. where

40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.

A. because B. so C. if D. as

答案

1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA 26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD

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